( For the texts and pictures books, publications, guidelines for example in awmf.org and contributions of colleagues were consulted.)
The squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of skin is a malignant tumor derived from keratinocytes of the skin or parts of the skin. The SCC grows much more slowly than malignant melanoma and is locally destructive. It occurs in skin areas exposed to sun and more often on the edge of the nose, forehead, lower lip and on the hands. It can also occur in areas of skin that had been burned, exposed to chemicals or irradiated. It appears as a red hard nodule or ulceration, or as a scaly lesion that may bleed or be covered with scab. The squamous cell carcinoma gives metastases to the lymph nodes. The SCC is treated surgically. The most important factors for developing skin cancer is the type of skin and exposure to sunlight. The best precaution for people at risk is to avoid sun exposure and use of appropriate protective clothing and sunscreen.
In common: Skin cancer treatment
The treatment of small localized basal cell carcinomas can be done with cryotherapy, by spraying with liquid nitrogen. Small lesions may respond to topical treatment with antineoplastic agents such as imiquimod cream (Aldara) or 5 fluorouracil. Most large tumors or cancers that have recurred should always be removed surgically and examined under the microscope. In large tumors occupying a large area there may need skin graft placement in the exclusion of the lesion. Neglected and extensive tumors in elderly patients may require radiotherapy.
Recommendations
Avoid the sun between 11.00 und 15.00 clock.
Apply the sunscreen at least 20 minutes before going into the sun.
Use enough sunscreen to protect the body and face evenly.
Use a product with a high sun protection factor (SPF) in UVA-UVB.
Get used to the sun slowly.
Reapply every one to two hours and immediately after swimming.
Pay particular attention to nose, cheeks, forehead, ears, neck and shoulders, as these areas are particularly exposed to the sun.
Wear a hat to midday, long dress and sunglasses with UVA and UVB protection.
Protect babies to six months entirely by the sun and be very careful with children.
Go at the first sign of sunburn in the shade.